The purpose of this executive order is to ensure that federally funded research is transparent, rigorous and impactful, and that federal decisions are informed by the most credible, reliable and impartial scientific evidence available. It defines Gold Standard Science as “science conducted in a manner that is reproducible, transparent, communicative of error and uncertainty, collaborative and interdisciplinary, skeptical of its findings and assumptions, structured for falsifiability of hypothesis, subject to unbiased peer review, accepting of negative results as positive outcomes and without conflicts of interest.” Upon the publication of the guidance, each agency head is directed to promptly update applicable agency policies governing the production and use of scientific information.